Hierarchically patterned polyurethane microgrooves featuring nanopillars or nanoholes for neurite elongation and alignment

• Lester Uy Vinzons,
• Guo-Chung Dong and
• Shu-Ping Lin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1157–1168, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.96

• . However, few studies have investigated the impact of discrete nanostructures, such as nanopillars and nanoholes, and their combination with microgrooves on neurite outgrowth and alignment. Furthermore, numerous techniques have been developed for surface micro-/nanopatterning, but simple and low-cost

• patterned nano-/microstructured PU films enhance both PC12 neurite elongation and alignment, showing the potential use of our proposed method for the micro-/nanopatterning of polymers for nerve tissue engineering. Keywords: hierarchical; nanopatterning; neurite alignment; neurite outgrowth; topography

• positively affect neural functions and neurite outgrowth [3]. Studies on in vitro models for peripheral neurons show promising results for such structures, to wit, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanotubes and SU-8 nanoholes resulted in significantly longer neurites in pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells [5][6

Carbon-based smart nanomaterials in biomedicine and neuroengineering

• Antonina M. Monaco and
• Michele Giugliano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1849–1863, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.196

• cultures; additionally, the electrical stimulation resulted in affecting the regulation of cytoskeleton protein related to cellular mobility, such as actin, resulting in morphological changes in cellular edges. Sahni et al. [139] compared the neurite outgrowth of rat primary cortical neurons cultured on

Growth and structural discrimination of cortical neurons on randomly oriented and vertically aligned dense carbon nanotube networks

• Christoph Nick,
• Sandeep Yadav,
• Ravi Joshi,
• Christiane Thielemann and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1575–1579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.169

• neurons [16]. In addition, chemical functionalization [17] and surface charges [18] influence neurite outgrowth and network formation. CNT islands can serve as scaffolds for neurons due to their well-known capability to guide neural growth [9][19][20][21]. Since CNTs offer a high intrinsic surface area